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Pankaj Gupta
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Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 4 months agoIn: ,
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Which one of the following options is correct in respect of the given statements?                           [2023]Statement–I: The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients.Statement-II: The high ...Read more

Which one of the following options is correct in respect of the given statements?                           [2023]
Statement–I: The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients.
Statement-II: The high temperature and moisture of tropical rain forests cause dead organic matter in the soil to decompose quickly.

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soilupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Correct Answer: Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Explanation: Statement-I: "The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients." Incorrect. The soil in tropical rainforests is typically poor in nutrients. This is because heavy rainfall causes leaching, washing away nutrientsRead more

    Correct Answer: Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

    Explanation:

    1. Statement-I: “The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients.”
      Incorrect.
      The soil in tropical rainforests is typically poor in nutrients. This is because heavy rainfall causes leaching, washing away nutrients from the topsoil. Most of the nutrients in tropical rainforests are found in the biomass (plants and trees) rather than in the soil.
    2. Statement-II: “The high temperature and moisture of tropical rain forests cause dead organic matter in the soil to decompose quickly.”
      Correct.
      Tropical rainforests experience warm and humid conditions, which accelerate the decomposition of organic matter. This rapid decomposition ensures that nutrients are quickly absorbed by plants, leaving little in the soil.

    Conclusion:

    The soil in tropical rainforests is nutrient-poor, despite the rapid decomposition of organic matter due to the high temperature and moisture.
    Thus, Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 4 months agoIn: ,
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With reference to the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is correct?       [2023]

With reference to the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is correct?       [2023]

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atmosphereupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Correct Answer: Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere. Explanation: "The total amount of insolation received at the equator is roughly about 10 times that received at the poles." Incorrect. While there is a significant difference in insolatioRead more

    Correct Answer: Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere.

    Explanation:

    1. “The total amount of insolation received at the equator is roughly about 10 times that received at the poles.”
      Incorrect.
      While there is a significant difference in insolation between the equator and the poles due to the angle of incidence of solar radiation, it is not as extreme as 10 times. The actual difference is much smaller, generally ranging from 2 to 3 times.
    2. “Infrared rays constitute roughly two-thirds of insolation.”
      Incorrect.
      Infrared rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, but they only constitute a small portion of the incoming solar radiation (insolation). The majority of insolation consists of visible light and ultraviolet radiation.
    3. “Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere.”
      Correct.
      Infrared waves, which are long-wavelength radiation, are absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. Water vapor, concentrated in the lower atmosphere (troposphere), plays a major role in absorbing and trapping infrared radiation, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
    4. “Infrared waves are a part of the visible spectrum of electromagnetic waves of solar radiation.”
      Incorrect.
      Infrared waves are not part of the visible spectrum. The visible spectrum includes wavelengths between 400-700 nanometers, whereas infrared waves are longer than this range and are not visible to the human eye.
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Pankaj Gupta
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Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 4 months agoIn:
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How many of the given statements regarding mercury pollution is/are correct?                           [2023]1. Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world.2. Coal-based thermal ...Read more

How many of the given statements regarding mercury pollution is/are correct?                           [2023]
1. Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world.
2. Coal-based thermal power plants cause mercury pollution.
3. There is no known safe level of exposure to mercury.

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environmentmercury pollutionupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Correct Answer: All three Explanation: Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world: Correct. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is one of the largest global sources of mercury emissions. Mercury is used in the extraction process to amalgamate gold, releasing significRead more

    Correct Answer: All three

    Explanation:

    1. Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world:
      Correct. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is one of the largest global sources of mercury emissions. Mercury is used in the extraction process to amalgamate gold, releasing significant amounts of mercury into the environment.
    2. Coal-based thermal power plants cause mercury pollution:
      Correct. Coal contains trace amounts of mercury. When coal is burned in thermal power plants, mercury is released into the atmosphere as a pollutant.
    3. There is no known safe level of exposure to mercury:
      Correct. Mercury is highly toxic, and even low levels of exposure can lead to serious health effects. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that there is no safe threshold for mercury exposure, particularly for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children.

    Hence, all three statements are correct.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: ,
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Consider the following statements:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following statements:                                                                                                       [2023]
1.  Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their flights, while cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the initial phase of flight.
2.  Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile, while BrahMos is a solid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missile.

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sciencetechnologyupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Let's evaluate the two statements: Statement 1: Ballistic missiles are typically rocket-propelled and follow a parabolic trajectory that reaches the upper atmosphere before re-entering and hitting the target at high speeds, often supersonic or hypersonic. Cruise missiles, on the other hand, are typiRead more

    Let’s evaluate the two statements:

    Statement 1:

    • Ballistic missiles are typically rocket-propelled and follow a parabolic trajectory that reaches the upper atmosphere before re-entering and hitting the target at high speeds, often supersonic or hypersonic.
    • Cruise missiles, on the other hand, are typically powered by jet engines throughout their flight, allowing them to travel at subsonic or supersonic speeds, depending on the type of missile. They do not rely on rockets for propulsion after launch.

    The statement that ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their flight and cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the initial phase is incorrect. In fact, it should be the other way around: Ballistic missiles are rocket-propelled throughout their flight, while cruise missiles are jet-powered for most of their flight.

    Statement 2:

    • Agni-V is a long-range ballistic missile, not a cruise missile. It is capable of carrying nuclear warheads and has a range of around 5,000 km, making it an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).
    • BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile, not an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). It is a joint venture between India and Russia and is one of the fastest cruise missiles in the world.

    Therefore, Statement 2 is also incorrect.

    Conclusion:

    Both statements are incorrect.

    The correct answer is: Neither 1 nor 2.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: ,
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Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?                              [2023]

Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?                              [2023]

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sciencetechnologyupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The country that has its own satellite navigation system is Japan. Japan's satellite navigation system is called QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System), which provides satellite-based positioning and timing information, mainly in the Asia-Pacific region. Australia, Canada, and Israel do not have theirRead more

    The country that has its own satellite navigation system is Japan. Japan’s satellite navigation system is called QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System), which provides satellite-based positioning and timing information, mainly in the Asia-Pacific region.

    • Australia, Canada, and Israel do not have their own independent satellite navigation systems like Japan.

    So, the correct answer is: Japan.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: , ,
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Consider the following pairs:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following pairs:                                                                                                                 [2023]

S.noObjects in spaceDescription
1CepheidsGiant cloud of dust and gas in space
2NebulaeStars which brighten and dim periodically
3PulsarsNeutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse
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geographyscienceupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Let's evaluate the pairs one by one: Cepheids: These are stars that brighten and dim periodically due to changes in their size and temperature. The description in the pair refers to stars and not to giant clouds of dust and gas. Hence, this pair is incorrect. Nebulae: Nebulae are giant clouds of dusRead more

    Let’s evaluate the pairs one by one:

    1. Cepheids: These are stars that brighten and dim periodically due to changes in their size and temperature. The description in the pair refers to stars and not to giant clouds of dust and gas. Hence, this pair is incorrect.
    2. Nebulae: Nebulae are giant clouds of dust and gas in space, not stars that brighten and dim periodically. The description in the pair is incorrect. Hence, this pair is incorrect.
    3. Pulsars: Pulsars are indeed neutron stars that emit beams of radiation, and they are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse. The description in the pair is accurate. Hence, this pair is correct.

    Therefore, only one of the pairs is correctly matched.

    The answer is: Only one.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: , , ,
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With reference to the role of biofilters in Recirculating Aquaculture System, consider the following statements:                                                    ...Read more

With reference to the role of biofilters in Recirculating Aquaculture System, consider the following statements:                                                                                                                                                [2023]
1. Biofilters provide waste treatment by removing uneaten fish feed.
2.  Biofilters convert ammonia present in fish waste to nitrate.
3.  Biofilters increase phosphorus as nutrient for fish in water.

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aquaculture systembiofiltersupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Biofilters play a crucial role in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems by eliminating nitrogenous waste produced by aquatic organisms. They utilize nitrifying bacteria to transform toxic ammonia into nitrites, which are also harmful. Subsequently, other bacteria further convert these nitrites into harmRead more

    Biofilters play a crucial role in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems by eliminating nitrogenous waste produced by aquatic organisms. They utilize nitrifying bacteria to transform toxic ammonia into nitrites, which are also harmful. Subsequently, other bacteria further convert these nitrites into harmless nitrates, ensuring water quality. Importantly, biofilters are engineered to remove pollutants rather than introduce nutrients into the system, making statement 3 inaccurate.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: ,
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Consider the following actions:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following actions:                                                                                                                [2023]
1. Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously
2.  Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive
3. Detection of the tilt of the smart-phone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode

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accelerometerautomotiveupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The correct answer is All three. Here’s how an accelerometer is involved in each action: 1. Detection of Car Crash/Collision An accelerometer detects rapid deceleration or impact forces, which triggers the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously. Function of accelerometer: Required. 2. DetectioRead more

    The correct answer is All three.

    Here’s how an accelerometer is involved in each action:

    1. Detection of Car Crash/Collision

    • An accelerometer detects rapid deceleration or impact forces, which triggers the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously.
    • Function of accelerometer: Required.

    2. Detection of Free Fall of a Laptop

    • Accelerometers sense sudden free-fall motion (near-zero acceleration in free fall) and can signal the hard drive to turn off immediately to prevent damage.
    • Function of accelerometer: Required.

    3. Detection of Tilt of a Smartphone

    • Accelerometers measure the tilt or orientation of the device relative to gravity, allowing the display to rotate between portrait and landscape modes.
    • Function of accelerometer: Required.

    An accelerometer is required in all three actions, as it plays a crucial role in detecting motion, orientation, or force changes in each scenario. Thus, the correct answer is All three.

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 6 months agoIn: ,
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Who among the following rulers of medieval Gujarat surrendered Diu to the Portuguese?           [2023]

Who among the following rulers of medieval Gujarat surrendered Diu to the Portuguese?           [2023]

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historyportugueseupsc pre 2023
  1. AVG
    AVG Explorer

    The correct answer is: Bahadur Shah. Explanation: Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat, is the ruler who surrendered Diu to the Portuguese in the early 16th century. In 1535, Bahadur Shah faced a defeat against the Portuguese and, under pressure, surrendered Diu to them in exchange for peace. This evRead more

    The correct answer is: Bahadur Shah.

    Explanation:

    Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat, is the ruler who surrendered Diu to the Portuguese in the early 16th century.

    • In 1535, Bahadur Shah faced a defeat against the Portuguese and, under pressure, surrendered Diu to them in exchange for peace. This event significantly strengthened Portuguese influence in the region.

    Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

    1. Ahmad Shah: He was the founder of the Gujarat Sultanate and ruled from 1411 to 1442. He was not involved in the surrender of Diu to the Portuguese.
    2. Mahmud Begarha: He ruled from 1458 to 1511 and was a strong ruler of Gujarat. He resisted the Portuguese, especially when they attempted to establish their dominance in the region, and did not surrender Diu.
    3. Muhammad Shah: He ruled in the 16th century but was not involved in the surrender of Diu to the Portuguese.

    Conclusion:

    It was Bahadur Shah who surrendered Diu to the Portuguese after facing defeat.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 1
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 5 months agoIn: ,
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Consider the following statements in relation to Janani Suraksha Yojana:                                   [2023] 1. It is a safe motherhood intervention of the State Health Departments. 2.  Its objective ...Read more

Consider the following statements in relation to Janani Suraksha Yojana:                                   [2023]

1. It is a safe motherhood intervention of the State Health Departments.

2.  Its objective is to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality among poor pregnant women.

3.  It aims to promote institutional delivery among poor pregnant women.

4. Its objective includes providing public health facilities to sick infants up to one year of age.

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health schemejanani suraksha yojanaupsc pre 2023
  1. AVG
    AVG Explorer

    Statement Breakdown: It is a safe motherhood intervention of the State Health Departments: Incorrect: The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a centrally sponsored scheme under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) of the Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, not solely managed by state healRead more

    Statement Breakdown:

    1. It is a safe motherhood intervention of the State Health Departments:
      • Incorrect: The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a centrally sponsored scheme under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) of the Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, not solely managed by state health departments. While it is implemented at the state level, it is a central government initiative.
    2. Its objective is to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality among poor pregnant women:
      • Correct: The main goal of JSY is indeed to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality, particularly among poor pregnant women by promoting institutional deliveries. It focuses on vulnerable groups in rural areas.
    3. It aims to promote institutional delivery among poor pregnant women:
      • Correct: One of the key objectives of JSY is to encourage institutional delivery, particularly for women in rural areas, by providing financial assistance to them.
    4. Its objective includes providing public health facilities to sick infants up to one year of age:
      • Incorrect: JSY focuses on safe motherhood and institutional delivery for pregnant women, not directly on providing public health services to sick infants. The scheme does not target infant care up to one year of age.

    Based on the corrected analysis, statements 2 and 3 are correct, while statements 1 and 4 are incorrect.

    Thus, the correct answer is Only two.

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