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Pankaj Gupta
  • 3
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn: , ,
  • 3

With reference to ‘Scheduled Areas’ in India, consider the following statements:                   [2023]1. Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President.Read more

With reference to ‘Scheduled Areas’ in India, consider the following statements:                   [2023]
1. Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President.
2. The largest administrative unit forming the Scheduled Area is the District and the lowest is the cluster of villages in the Block.
3. The Chief Ministers of the concerned States are required to submit annual reports to the Union Home Ministry on the administration of Scheduled Areas in the States.

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politypollquestionscheduled areassocietyupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Statement 1 is accurate since, under Schedule V (Article 244) of the Indian Constitution, the President is empowered to declare specific regions as Scheduled Areas. Paragraph VI of the Fifth Schedule explicitly states that the term "Scheduled Areas" refers to those areas that the President may declaRead more

    Statement 1 is accurate since, under Schedule V (Article 244) of the Indian Constitution, the President is empowered to declare specific regions as Scheduled Areas. Paragraph VI of the Fifth Schedule explicitly states that the term “Scheduled Areas” refers to those areas that the President may declare through an official order.

    Statement 2 is also correct. In April 2018, the Union Cabinet approved the declaration of certain areas in Rajasthan as Scheduled Areas under the Fifth Schedule. This included three entire districts—Banswara, Dungarpur, Pratapgarh—along with nine complete tehsils, one block, and 46 full gram panchayats across multiple districts like Udaipur, Rajsamand, Chittorgarh, Pali, and Sirohi. It is important to note that while a block can consist of a cluster of villages, individual villages from within a block can be grouped together to form the smallest administrative unit within the Scheduled Areas framework.

    Statement 3 is incorrect. According to the Constitution, the Governor of a state with Scheduled Areas is responsible for submitting annual reports to the President regarding the management and governance of those areas. Additionally, the President may require such a report at any time. Furthermore, the Union Government holds the authority to issue directions to state governments regarding the administration of these areas.

    Therefore, the correct answer is Only two.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 8
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn:
  • 8

What is the meaning of life?

What is the meaning of life?

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meaning of lifequestion
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The meaning of life is a question that has intrigued philosophers, scientists, and thinkers throughout history. The answer varies depending on cultural, religious, and personal beliefs: Philosophical Perspective: Philosophers like Aristotle saw the meaning of life as achieving happiness or flourishiRead more

    The meaning of life is a question that has intrigued philosophers, scientists, and thinkers throughout history. The answer varies depending on cultural, religious, and personal beliefs:

    1. Philosophical Perspective: Philosophers like Aristotle saw the meaning of life as achieving happiness or flourishing through living virtuously. Existentialists like Sartre believe that life has no inherent meaning and that individuals must create their own purpose.
    2. Religious Perspective: In many religions, the meaning of life is often tied to serving a higher power, spiritual growth, or achieving enlightenment. For example, in Hinduism, it is fulfilling one’s dharma (duty) and ultimately attaining moksha (liberation).
    3. Scientific Perspective: From a biological standpoint, the meaning of life could be seen as survival and reproduction, ensuring the continuation of species.
    4. Personal Perspective: On an individual level, people often find meaning through relationships, achievements, creativity, or contributing to the well-being of others.

    Ultimately, the meaning of life can be deeply personal, shaped by each person’s experiences, beliefs, and values.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 4
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn: , , ,
  • 4

In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located?                                          ...Read more

In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located?                                                                                    [2023]

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buddhist centerdhanyakatakahistorymahasanghikaspollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Shefali
    Shefali Explorer

    Dhanyakataka was a significant ancient city that emerged as a prominent Buddhist center, particularly under the Mahasanghikas, an early Buddhist sect. This city is primarily associated with the region of Andhra. Historical Context Location and Significance: Dhanyakataka is believed to have been locaRead more

    Dhanyakataka was a significant ancient city that emerged as a prominent Buddhist center, particularly under the Mahasanghikas, an early Buddhist sect. This city is primarily associated with the region of Andhra.

    Historical Context

    1. Location and Significance:
      • Dhanyakataka is believed to have been located near present-day Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh, India. This region played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhism during the early centuries of the Common Era.
      • The city served as a vital hub for Buddhist learning and practice, fostering the growth of monastic communities.
    2. The Mahasanghikas:
      • The Mahasanghikas were one of the earliest sects of Buddhism, known for their more liberal interpretations of Buddhist doctrine compared to other sects. They were instrumental in the dissemination of Buddhist teachings and practices across different regions.
      • Under their influence, Dhanyakataka developed into a key center for Buddhist activities, attracting monks, scholars, and pilgrims.
    3. Nearby Monastic Centers:
      • The famous Amaravati Stupa, located near Dhanyakataka, was one of the largest stupas in the region and served as a major site for Buddhist worship and pilgrimage. It is often referred to in ancient inscriptions as a mahachaitya, signifying its importance.
      • The stupa’s architectural grandeur and the rich sculptural reliefs that adorned it contributed to the cultural and religious significance of Dhanyakataka.
    4. Cultural Exchange:
      • The strategic location of Dhanyakataka along trade routes facilitated cultural exchange between various regions. Merchants, travelers, and scholars contributed to the vibrant intellectual and spiritual life of the city, making it a melting pot of ideas and beliefs.
      • Dhanyakataka’s proximity to other notable cities in the region, such as Nagarjunakonda and Kalinga, further enhanced its prominence as a Buddhist center.

    The correct answer to the question “In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist center under the Mahasanghikas, located?” is Andhra. The city’s historical and cultural significance, combined with its role as a center of Buddhist learning and practice, highlights its importance in the broader context of Indian history and the spread of Buddhism.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 3
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn:
  • 3

Which of the following fields is AlphaFold2 related?

Which of the following fields is AlphaFold2 related?

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alphafold2pollquestionscience
  1. Harpreet
    Harpreet Beginner

    AlphaFold2, an AI system developed by DeepMind, has significantly impacted the field of protein structure prediction. It can predict the 3D structure of nearly every known protein, a scientific achievement that helps in understanding biological processes. The tool has revolutionized biology, as evidRead more

    AlphaFold2, an AI system developed by DeepMind, has significantly impacted the field of protein structure prediction. It can predict the 3D structure of nearly every known protein, a scientific achievement that helps in understanding biological processes. The tool has revolutionized biology, as evidenced by its recognition through awards like the Nobel Prize.

    Therefore, answer is Protein Structure Prediction

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 7
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn: ,
  • 7

Consider the following trees:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following trees:                                                                                                               [2023]
1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
2. Mahua (Madhuca indica)
3. Teak (Tectona grandis)

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deciduous treesgeographypollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar
    This answer was edited.

    The deciduous status of the trees listed is as follows: Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus): Evergreen tree, not deciduous. Mahua (Madhuca indica): Deciduous tree, sheds its leaves annually. Teak (Tectona grandis): Deciduous tree, sheds its leaves seasonally. Based on the above information: Mahua aRead more

    The deciduous status of the trees listed is as follows:

    1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus): Evergreen tree, not deciduous.
    2. Mahua (Madhuca indica): Deciduous tree, sheds its leaves annually.
    3. Teak (Tectona grandis): Deciduous tree, sheds its leaves seasonally.

    Based on the above information:

    • Mahua and Teak are deciduous trees.
    • Jackfruit is not a deciduous tree.

    So, two of the listed trees are deciduous. The correct answer is: Only two

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Pankaj Gupta
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Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 1 year agoIn:
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How does sustainable architecture impact urban planning?

How does sustainable architecture impact urban planning?

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questionsustainable architecture
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Sustainable architecture significantly impacts urban planning in several ways: Energy Efficiency: Sustainable architecture promotes the use of energy-efficient buildings, which requires urban planners to prioritize renewable energy sources, green buildings, and the development of energy-conscious ciRead more

    Sustainable architecture significantly impacts urban planning in several ways:

    1. Energy Efficiency: Sustainable architecture promotes the use of energy-efficient buildings, which requires urban planners to prioritize renewable energy sources, green buildings, and the development of energy-conscious city layouts.
    2. Green Spaces: Integrating sustainable architecture encourages the inclusion of green spaces like parks, green roofs, and urban forests in city designs, improving air quality, reducing urban heat islands, and promoting biodiversity.
    3. Water Management: Urban planning influenced by sustainable architecture often incorporates water conservation techniques such as rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling, and permeable surfaces to manage stormwater efficiently.
    4. Transportation Systems: Sustainable urban planning supports reducing carbon footprints through well-connected public transportation networks, pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, and bike lanes. The architecture in these areas needs to accommodate and complement these systems.
    5. Resilience to Climate Change: Urban planning influenced by sustainable design ensures cities are more resilient to environmental challenges such as rising temperatures and sea levels. This includes the construction of buildings that can withstand extreme weather and natural disasters.
    6. Material Use and Waste Management: Sustainable architecture advocates for the use of eco-friendly materials and waste reduction during construction, which leads urban planners to rethink zoning regulations and promote circular economies within cities.

    By incorporating sustainable architecture principles, urban planning shifts toward creating cities that are environmentally friendly, resource-efficient, and focused on long-term livability.

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Jawahar
  • 1
JawaharExplorer
Asked: 11 months agoIn: ,
  • 1

What is the true nature of free will?

What is the true nature of free will?

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question
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The true nature of free will is a deeply philosophical and debated topic, encompassing perspectives from metaphysics, neuroscience, psychology, and theology. It primarily concerns whether humans have the ability to make choices independently of external constraints or predetermined factors. Here areRead more

    The true nature of free will is a deeply philosophical and debated topic, encompassing perspectives from metaphysics, neuroscience, psychology, and theology. It primarily concerns whether humans have the ability to make choices independently of external constraints or predetermined factors. Here are the main views on the nature of free will:

    1. Libertarian Free Will

    • Definition: The belief that individuals have complete autonomy to make choices independent of external forces or determinism.
    • Key Points:
      • Humans are not bound by prior causes or biological programming.
      • Free will implies moral responsibility, as individuals have control over their actions.
    • Challenges: Critics argue that this view struggles to explain how free will operates in a universe governed by physical laws.

    2. Determinism

    • Definition: The belief that all events, including human actions, are determined by preceding causes (e.g., genetics, environment, or external factors).
    • Key Points:
      • Choices may appear free but are determined by a chain of prior events.
      • Neuroscience often points to unconscious processes influencing decisions before conscious awareness.
    • Challenges: Determinism undermines the concept of moral responsibility, leading to debates about accountability.

    3. Compatibilism (Soft Determinism)

    • Definition: The idea that free will and determinism can coexist.
    • Key Points:
      • Free will is the ability to act according to one’s desires and motivations, even if those desires are determined by prior causes.
      • Moral responsibility is preserved because actions align with internal will, even if externally influenced.
    • Challenges: Critics argue this redefines free will, making it less “free” and more about perception.

    4. Hard Determinism

    • Definition: A strict view that denies the existence of free will altogether.
    • Key Points:
      • Everything, including human thought and action, is governed by causality.
      • Free will is an illusion created by human consciousness.
    • Challenges: This view can be unsettling, as it raises questions about justice, punishment, and personal identity.

    5. Indeterminism

    • Definition: The idea that not all events are determined and that randomness or chance plays a role in the universe.
    • Key Points:
      • Human decisions may involve elements of randomness or quantum unpredictability.
      • Free will could emerge from these unpredictable factors.
    • Challenges: Randomness doesn’t necessarily equate to control or meaningful choice.

    6. Theological Perspectives

    • Free Will and Divine Omniscience: In many religious traditions, free will is reconciled with the belief in an all-knowing deity.
      • Christianity: Humans have free will but are influenced by sin and divine grace.
      • Islam: Balances free will with the concept of divine predestination (Qadar).
      • Hinduism: Karma dictates outcomes, but humans can make choices to shape their future.
    • Challenges: The coexistence of free will and divine foreknowledge often leads to philosophical tensions.

    7. Neuroscientific Insights

    • Studies suggest that decisions are often made unconsciously before individuals become aware of them.
    • This raises questions about whether free will is an illusion created by the brain.

    Philosophical Implications

    • Moral Responsibility: If free will is an illusion, can people be held accountable for their actions?
    • Identity and Purpose: Free will is central to notions of individuality, meaning, and human dignity.
    • Social Systems: Justice systems rely on the assumption of free will to assign culpability and reward.

    The true nature of free will remains unresolved, blending elements of autonomy, causality, and perception. Whether free will exists in an absolute sense or is a subjective experience, it plays a crucial role in how humans understand morality, agency, and existence. The question may ultimately depend on personal beliefs and interpretations of reality.

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Arjita
  • 4
Poll
ArjitaBeginner
Asked: 1 year agoIn: ,
  • 4

Consider the following statements: Once the Central Government notifies an area as a ‘Community Reserve’                                                       ...Read more

Consider the following statements: Once the Central Government notifies an area as a ‘Community Reserve’                                                                                                                        [2023]
1.  The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest
2.  Hunting is not allowed in such area.
3.  People of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce.
4.  People of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices.

 

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community reserveenvironmentpollquestionupsc pre 2023wildlife
  1. Shefali
    Shefali Explorer

    Statement 1: "The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest." This is incorrect. As per Section 36D of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, a Community Reserve management committee is formed by the State Government, and this committee, not the Chief WRead more

    1. Statement 1: “The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest.”
      • This is incorrect. As per Section 36D of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, a Community Reserve management committee is formed by the State Government, and this committee, not the Chief Wildlife Warden, is responsible for managing the Community Reserve.
    2. Statement 2: “Hunting is not allowed in such area.”
      • This is correct. As per Section 36C(2) of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, the restrictions applicable to wildlife sanctuaries, including the ban on hunting, apply to Community Reserves as well.
    3. Statement 3: “People of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce.”
      • This is correct. The local communities are generally allowed to collect non-timber forest produce in Community Reserves, as they are designed to integrate conservation with sustainable use by the local people.
    4. Statement 4: “People of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices.”
      • This is correct. Traditional agricultural practices are permitted in Community Reserves as long as they do not harm wildlife conservation efforts.

    Conclusion:

    • Statements 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
    • Statement 1 is incorrect.

    Thus, the correct answer is Only three.

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Harpreet
  • 5
Poll
HarpreetBeginner
Asked: 1 year agoIn: ,
  • 5

Consider the following:                                                                            ...Read more

Consider the following:                                                                                                                              [2023]
1. Demographic performance
2.  Forest and ecology
3.  Governance reforms
4. Stable government
5. Tax and fiscal efforts
For the horizontal tax devolution, the Fifteenth Finance Commission used how many of the above as criteria other than population area and income distance?

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economicshorizontal tax devolutionpollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Shefali
    Shefali Explorer
    This answer was edited.

    The correct answer is Only three. For horizontal tax devolution, the Fifteenth Finance Commission used the following criteria in addition to population, area, and income distance: Demographic performance: Yes, this was used as a criterion. Forest and ecology: Yes, this was used as a criterion. GoverRead more

    The correct answer is Only three. For horizontal tax devolution, the Fifteenth Finance Commission used the following criteria in addition to population, area, and income distance:

    1. Demographic performance: Yes, this was used as a criterion.
    2. Forest and ecology: Yes, this was used as a criterion.
    3. Governance reforms: No, this was not a criterion used by the Finance Commission.
    4. Stable government: No, this was not a criterion used by the Finance Commission.
    5. Tax and fiscal efforts: Yes, this was used as a criterion.

    Thus, three of the given criteria (Demographic performance, Forest and ecology, Tax and fiscal efforts) were used.

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