With reference to the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is correct? [2023]
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The Elizabethan Age (1558–1603) was a period of significant cultural, artistic, and technological development. Some of the major inventions and innovations from this time include: 1. The Printing Press: Although invented in the 15th century by Johannes Gutenberg, the printing press saw widespread usRead more
The Elizabethan Age (1558–1603) was a period of significant cultural, artistic, and technological development. Some of the major inventions and innovations from this time include:
1. The Printing Press: Although invented in the 15th century by Johannes Gutenberg, the printing press saw widespread use during the Elizabethan era. It revolutionized the production of books, making literature and knowledge more accessible, contributing to the spread of ideas such as the Renaissance and the Reformation.
2. The Telescope: While the telescope as we know it was developed later, in the late 16th century, the basic principles of the telescope were laid down during the Elizabethan era. This era saw significant advancements in optics, and figures like Thomas Harriot made contributions toward improving early telescopic lenses.
3. The Mariner’s Compass: Though the compass itself was invented earlier, its use in navigation became more prominent during the Elizabethan Age. Improved navigational tools were crucial for the Age of Exploration, as English sailors embarked on voyages to the New World and Asia.
4. The Mechanical Clock: The development of more accurate and portable clocks continued during the Elizabethan period. This period saw the refinement of clock-making, particularly in terms of precision and the creation of clocks that were smaller and more reliable.
5. Firearms: During this era, significant advancements were made in firearms technology, particularly in the design of guns and cannons. The matchlock musket, a key firearm in European warfare, was in use during the period.
6. The Galleon: The development of the galleon, a large, multi-decked sailing ship, was significant during the Elizabethan era. These ships were crucial for trade, exploration, and warfare, particularly in the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588.
While the Elizabethan Age is better known for its cultural and artistic achievements (such as Shakespeare’s works), it was also a time of innovation in science, technology, and exploration.
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Correct Answer: Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere. Explanation: "The total amount of insolation received at the equator is roughly about 10 times that received at the poles." Incorrect. While there is a significant difference in insolatioRead more
Correct Answer: Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere.
Explanation:
- “The total amount of insolation received at the equator is roughly about 10 times that received at the poles.”
- “Infrared rays constitute roughly two-thirds of insolation.”
- “Infrared waves are largely absorbed by water vapor that is concentrated in the lower atmosphere.”
- “Infrared waves are a part of the visible spectrum of electromagnetic waves of solar radiation.”
See lessIncorrect.
While there is a significant difference in insolation between the equator and the poles due to the angle of incidence of solar radiation, it is not as extreme as 10 times. The actual difference is much smaller, generally ranging from 2 to 3 times.
Incorrect.
Infrared rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, but they only constitute a small portion of the incoming solar radiation (insolation). The majority of insolation consists of visible light and ultraviolet radiation.
Correct.
Infrared waves, which are long-wavelength radiation, are absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. Water vapor, concentrated in the lower atmosphere (troposphere), plays a major role in absorbing and trapping infrared radiation, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
Incorrect.
Infrared waves are not part of the visible spectrum. The visible spectrum includes wavelengths between 400-700 nanometers, whereas infrared waves are longer than this range and are not visible to the human eye.