What is the Industrial Revolution?
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The Industrial Revolution was a transformative period in history, spanning from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, during which major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology drastically altered society and the economy. Originating in Britain, it evenRead more
The Industrial Revolution was a transformative period in history, spanning from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, during which major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology drastically altered society and the economy. Originating in Britain, it eventually spread to other parts of Europe, North America, and the world.
Key Features of the Industrial Revolution:
1. Technological Advancements:
Introduction of machines like the spinning jenny, power loom, and steam engine.
Innovations such as the use of coal and steam power replaced manual labor.
2. Urbanization:
Movement of populations from rural areas to cities for factory jobs.
Rapid growth of industrial cities like Manchester and Birmingham.
3. Economic Shifts:
Transition from agrarian economies to industrial economies.
Rise of capitalism and modern banking systems.
4. Changes in Labor:
Shift from cottage industries to factory-based production.
Emergence of a working class and exploitation of labor, including child labor.
5. Transportation Revolution:
Development of railways, steamships, and canals.
Enhanced trade and connectivity.
6. Impact on Society:
Growth in the production of goods and a rise in consumerism.
Improved standards of living for some but harsh working conditions for factory workers.
Rise of social and labor movements advocating for workers’ rights.
The Industrial Revolution fundamentally reshaped human life, paving the way for modern industrial economies and technological innovation. However, it also brought challenges like environmental pollution and social inequality.
See lessThe Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in GrRead more
The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain, the Industrial Revolution spread to continental Europe and the United States, from around 1760 to about 1820–1840.This transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and the rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and the rate of population growth. The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,40 and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.It started in 1760 and its fragments can be traced till 1840
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