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Jawahar
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Asked: 2024-12-21T17:05:01+05:30 In:

What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

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What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

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    1. Pankaj Gupta
      Scholar

      Here is a comparison of kinetic energy and potential energy: Aspect Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Definition Energy an object possesses due to its motion. Energy an object possesses due to its position or state. Formula KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2, where mm is mass and vv is velocity. PE=mghPE =Read more

      Here is a comparison of kinetic energy and potential energy:

      AspectKinetic EnergyPotential Energy
      DefinitionEnergy an object possesses due to its motion.Energy an object possesses due to its position or state.
      FormulaKE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2, where mm is mass and vv is velocity.PE=mghPE = mgh, where mm is mass, gg is gravity, and hh is height.
      Depends OnMass and velocity of the object.Mass, height, and the force of gravity (or other potential sources).
      StateActive energy (related to motion).Stored energy (related to position or condition).
      Examples– A moving car
      – A running athlete
      – Flowing water      		– Water stored in a dam
      – A stretched rubber band
      – A book on a shelf
      ConversionCan be converted to potential energy (e.g., when a moving object comes to rest at a height).Can be converted to kinetic energy (e.g., when a stored object starts moving).
      Type of EnergyDynamic or motion-based energy.Static or position-based energy.
      PresenceExists only when the object is in motion.Exists regardless of motion, as long as there is a position difference.

      Relationship Between Kinetic and Potential Energy

      • In many systems, such as a pendulum or a roller coaster, kinetic and potential energy continuously convert into each other while maintaining the total energy (conservation of energy).

      For example:

      • At the top of a swing, the pendulum has maximum potential energy and zero kinetic energy.
      • At the bottom of the swing, it has maximum kinetic energy and zero potential energy.
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