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Jawahar
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JawaharExplorer
Asked: 1 month agoIn:
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What thought will be the last thought of the last conscious being in the universe before existence ends?

What thought will be the last thought of the last conscious being in the universe before existence ends?

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  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    This question delves into deep philosophical and existential speculation. The last thought of the last conscious being in the universe before existence ends could encompass various profound themes: Reflection on Existence: A contemplation on the nature of existence itself—what it meant to be, to livRead more

    This question delves into deep philosophical and existential speculation. The last thought of the last conscious being in the universe before existence ends could encompass various profound themes:

    1. Reflection on Existence: A contemplation on the nature of existence itself—what it meant to be, to live, and to perceive.
    2. Loneliness or Unity: A feeling of ultimate solitude or perhaps a sense of unity with everything that has ever existed.
    3. Gratitude or Regret: A final expression of gratitude for having experienced life or regret for unfinished endeavors or lost opportunities.
    4. Acceptance or Resistance: A thought of acceptance, embracing the end as a natural part of existence, or resistance, a desire for life and consciousness to continue.
    5. Memory or Forgetting: A recollection of memories, the summation of life’s experiences, or the fading away into oblivion, as if even memory itself ceases to hold meaning.
    6. Wonder or Understanding: A profound wonder about the mysteries of the universe or a serene understanding, a moment of ultimate clarity.
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Vaishnavi
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Poll
VaishnaviExplorer
Asked: 4 weeks agoIn:
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Which period is considered as the golden period of Indian history?

Which period is considered as the golden period of Indian history?

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  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The Gupta Empire period (circa 320 CE to 550 CE) is widely considered the Golden Period of Indian History. This era was marked by remarkable achievements in various fields, including art, literature, science, mathematics, and philosophy. The Guptas established a stable and prosperous empire that encRead more

    The Gupta Empire period (circa 320 CE to 550 CE) is widely considered the Golden Period of Indian History. This era was marked by remarkable achievements in various fields, including art, literature, science, mathematics, and philosophy. The Guptas established a stable and prosperous empire that encouraged intellectual and cultural advancements, making it one of the most celebrated periods in Indian history.

    Key Highlights of the Gupta Golden Age:

    1. Literature:

    The composition of classical Sanskrit texts like Kalidasa’s works (e.g., Abhijnanashakuntalam and Meghaduta).

    Development of epics, Puranas, and Dharmashastra texts.

    2. Science and Mathematics:

    Aryabhata’s contributions, such as the concept of zero, the decimal system, and advancements in astronomy.

    Varahamihira’s works in astronomy and astrology.

    3. Art and Architecture:

    Creation of exquisite sculptures and temples, like those at Ajanta and Ellora caves.

    Development of the Gupta style of art, which influenced Buddhist and Hindu artistic traditions.

    4. Philosophy and Religion:

    Flourishing of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

    Philosophical works by scholars like Vatsyayana (Kamasutra) and contributions to Nyaya and Mimamsa schools of thought.

    5. Political Stability and Prosperity:

    Strong administration under rulers like Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya).

    Extensive trade networks and a prosperous economy.

    The Gupta period’s advancements significantly influenced not only Indian civilization but also other cultures through trade and the spread of knowledge, making it a true “golden age.”

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Pankaj Gupta
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Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 3 months agoIn: , , ,
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With reference to ancient India, consider the following statements:                                                [2023] 1. The concept of Stupa is Buddhist ...Read more

With reference to ancient India, consider the following statements:                                                [2023]

1. The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin.
2. Stupa was, generally, a repository of relics.
3. Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in Buddhist tradition.

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architecturebuddhismhistorypollquestionstupasupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Let's review the statements: The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin – This statement is incorrect. The tradition of building funerary mounds existed before Buddhism, though stupas became closely associated with Buddhist architecture and practices. Stupa was, generally, a repository of relics – TRead more

    Let’s review the statements:

    1. The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin – This statement is incorrect. The tradition of building funerary mounds existed before Buddhism, though stupas became closely associated with Buddhist architecture and practices.
    2. Stupa was, generally, a repository of relics – This statement is correct. Stupas were often built to house relics, especially in the Buddhist tradition, where they served as reliquaries for the Buddha’s remains and other sacred objects.
    3. Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in Buddhist tradition – This statement is correct. In Buddhism, stupas were constructed as votive and commemorative structures, serving as places for worship and honoring significant events or individuals.

    Corrected Answer:

    Only two statements are correct.

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Vaishnavi
  • 2
Poll
VaishnaviExplorer
Asked: 1 month agoIn:
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What are Llanos??

What are Llanos??

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  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    The Llanos (pronounced YAH-nos) are vast tropical grasslands located in northern South America, primarily in Venezuela and Colombia, between the Andes Mountains to the west and the Guiana Highlands to the east. These plains form part of the Orinoco River basin and are characterized by their flat terRead more

    The Llanos (pronounced YAH-nos) are vast tropical grasslands located in northern South America, primarily in Venezuela and Colombia, between the Andes Mountains to the west and the Guiana Highlands to the east. These plains form part of the Orinoco River basin and are characterized by their flat terrain and unique ecological features.

    Key Characteristics of the Llanos:

    1. Geography:
      • Spanning over 220,000 square miles (570,000 km²), the Llanos cover a significant portion of the Orinoco River drainage basin.
      • They are bordered by the Andes Mountains to the west and the Orinoco River to the north and east.
    2. Climate:
      • The Llanos have a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons.
        • Wet season (May to October): Intense rainfall leads to seasonal flooding, turning the plains into wetlands.
        • Dry season (November to April): The landscape becomes arid and dry, often leading to grass fires.
    3. Vegetation and Wildlife:
      • Vegetation consists mainly of grasses, shrubs, and scattered trees, adapting to the seasonal flooding and fires.
      • The Llanos are rich in biodiversity, with species like:
        • Capybaras, giant anteaters, jaguars, and anacondas.
        • Birds such as scarlet ibis, herons, and hawks.
        • Aquatic species like river dolphins, caimans, and various fish during the wet season.
    4. Economic Activities:
      • Cattle ranching: The Llanos have long been used for extensive cattle grazing, a practice introduced by Spanish colonists.
      • Oil and Gas: Significant oil reserves are found in parts of the Llanos, particularly in Venezuela.
      • Tourism: The unique ecosystem attracts ecotourists and wildlife enthusiasts.
    5. Cultural Significance:
      • The Llanos are integral to the Llanero culture (the people of the Llanos), known for their traditional music, cowboy lifestyle, and festivals.

    Ecological Importance:

    The Llanos play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of the Orinoco River basin. Seasonal flooding supports the life cycle of many aquatic and terrestrial species, making it a key habitat for wildlife.

    The Llanos are tropical grasslands rich in biodiversity and cultural history, serving as a vital ecological region and a significant economic area for Venezuela and Colombia.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 3
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 3 months agoIn: , ,
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With reference to ‘Scheduled Areas’ in India, consider the following statements:                   [2023]1. Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President.Read more

With reference to ‘Scheduled Areas’ in India, consider the following statements:                   [2023]
1. Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President.
2. The largest administrative unit forming the Scheduled Area is the District and the lowest is the cluster of villages in the Block.
3. The Chief Ministers of the concerned States are required to submit annual reports to the Union Home Ministry on the administration of Scheduled Areas in the States.

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politypollquestionscheduled areassocietyupsc pre 2023
  1. Pankaj Gupta
    Pankaj Gupta Scholar

    Statement 1 is accurate since, under Schedule V (Article 244) of the Indian Constitution, the President is empowered to declare specific regions as Scheduled Areas. Paragraph VI of the Fifth Schedule explicitly states that the term "Scheduled Areas" refers to those areas that the President may declaRead more

    Statement 1 is accurate since, under Schedule V (Article 244) of the Indian Constitution, the President is empowered to declare specific regions as Scheduled Areas. Paragraph VI of the Fifth Schedule explicitly states that the term “Scheduled Areas” refers to those areas that the President may declare through an official order.

    Statement 2 is also correct. In April 2018, the Union Cabinet approved the declaration of certain areas in Rajasthan as Scheduled Areas under the Fifth Schedule. This included three entire districts—Banswara, Dungarpur, Pratapgarh—along with nine complete tehsils, one block, and 46 full gram panchayats across multiple districts like Udaipur, Rajsamand, Chittorgarh, Pali, and Sirohi. It is important to note that while a block can consist of a cluster of villages, individual villages from within a block can be grouped together to form the smallest administrative unit within the Scheduled Areas framework.

    Statement 3 is incorrect. According to the Constitution, the Governor of a state with Scheduled Areas is responsible for submitting annual reports to the President regarding the management and governance of those areas. Additionally, the President may require such a report at any time. Furthermore, the Union Government holds the authority to issue directions to state governments regarding the administration of these areas.

    Therefore, the correct answer is Only two.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 5
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 4 months agoIn: , ,
  • 5

Consider the following statements:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following statements:                                                                                                  [2023]
1. India has more arable area than China.
2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.
3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China.

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agriculture sectorgeographyindia vs chinapollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Arjita
    Arjita Beginner

    1. India has more arable area than China. Correct: India’s arable land area (156 million hectares) is indeed larger than China’s (119 million hectares). 2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China. Correct: India’s proportion of irrigated area is 48%, which is higher thRead more

    1. India has more arable area than China.

    • Correct: India’s arable land area (156 million hectares) is indeed larger than China’s (119 million hectares).

    2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.

    • Correct: India’s proportion of irrigated area is 48%, which is higher than China’s 41%.

    3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China.

    • Incorrect: Agricultural productivity in China is significantly higher than that of India, by 50–100%, due to better agricultural practices, technology, and infrastructure.

    Conclusion

    • Correct Statements: 1 and 2 are correct. (Only two)
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Pankaj Gupta
  • 4
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 3 months agoIn: , , ,
  • 4

In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located?                                          ...Read more

In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located?                                                                                    [2023]

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buddhist centerdhanyakatakahistorymahasanghikaspollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Shefali
    Shefali Explorer

    Dhanyakataka was a significant ancient city that emerged as a prominent Buddhist center, particularly under the Mahasanghikas, an early Buddhist sect. This city is primarily associated with the region of Andhra. Historical Context Location and Significance: Dhanyakataka is believed to have been locaRead more

    Dhanyakataka was a significant ancient city that emerged as a prominent Buddhist center, particularly under the Mahasanghikas, an early Buddhist sect. This city is primarily associated with the region of Andhra.

    Historical Context

    1. Location and Significance:
      • Dhanyakataka is believed to have been located near present-day Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh, India. This region played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhism during the early centuries of the Common Era.
      • The city served as a vital hub for Buddhist learning and practice, fostering the growth of monastic communities.
    2. The Mahasanghikas:
      • The Mahasanghikas were one of the earliest sects of Buddhism, known for their more liberal interpretations of Buddhist doctrine compared to other sects. They were instrumental in the dissemination of Buddhist teachings and practices across different regions.
      • Under their influence, Dhanyakataka developed into a key center for Buddhist activities, attracting monks, scholars, and pilgrims.
    3. Nearby Monastic Centers:
      • The famous Amaravati Stupa, located near Dhanyakataka, was one of the largest stupas in the region and served as a major site for Buddhist worship and pilgrimage. It is often referred to in ancient inscriptions as a mahachaitya, signifying its importance.
      • The stupa’s architectural grandeur and the rich sculptural reliefs that adorned it contributed to the cultural and religious significance of Dhanyakataka.
    4. Cultural Exchange:
      • The strategic location of Dhanyakataka along trade routes facilitated cultural exchange between various regions. Merchants, travelers, and scholars contributed to the vibrant intellectual and spiritual life of the city, making it a melting pot of ideas and beliefs.
      • Dhanyakataka’s proximity to other notable cities in the region, such as Nagarjunakonda and Kalinga, further enhanced its prominence as a Buddhist center.

    The correct answer to the question “In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist center under the Mahasanghikas, located?” is Andhra. The city’s historical and cultural significance, combined with its role as a center of Buddhist learning and practice, highlights its importance in the broader context of Indian history and the spread of Buddhism.

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Pankaj Gupta
  • 4
Poll
Pankaj GuptaScholar
Asked: 3 months agoIn: ,
  • 4

Consider the following statements:                                                                          ...Read more

Consider the following statements:                                                                                        [2023]
Statement-I: The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgements that the reservation policies made under Article 16(4) of the Constitution of India would be limited by Article 335 for maintenance of efficiency of administration.
Statement-II: Article 335 of the Constitution of India defines the term ‘efficiency of administration’.

 

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article 335constitution of indiapolitypollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Urmila
    Urmila Explorer

    Let's analyze the statements: Statement I: The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgments that reservation policies made under Article 16(4) would be limited by Article 335 to maintain the efficiency of administration. This is correct. The Supreme Court, in various rulings (such as the IndraRead more

    Let’s analyze the statements:

    Statement I:
    The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgments that reservation policies made under Article 16(4) would be limited by Article 335 to maintain the efficiency of administration.
    This is correct. The Supreme Court, in various rulings (such as the Indra Sawhney case), has emphasized that while Article 16(4) provides for reservations in public employment, it must be balanced with Article 335, which states that the claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes must be consistent with maintaining the efficiency of administration.

    Statement II:
    Article 335 defines the term “efficiency of administration.”
    This is incorrect. Article 335 does not define “efficiency of administration.” It only mentions that the claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes should be taken into consideration, consistent with the maintenance of efficiency of administration. However, it does not provide a definition of “efficiency.”

    Correct answer:
    Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

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Arjita
  • 4
Poll
ArjitaBeginner
Asked: 3 months agoIn: ,
  • 4

Consider the following statements: Once the Central Government notifies an area as a ‘Community Reserve’                                                       ...Read more

Consider the following statements: Once the Central Government notifies an area as a ‘Community Reserve’                                                                                                                        [2023]
1.  The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest
2.  Hunting is not allowed in such area.
3.  People of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce.
4.  People of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices.

 

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community reserveenvironmentpollquestionupsc pre 2023wildlife
  1. Shefali
    Shefali Explorer

    Statement 1: "The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest." This is incorrect. As per Section 36D of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, a Community Reserve management committee is formed by the State Government, and this committee, not the Chief WRead more

    1. Statement 1: “The Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest.”
      • This is incorrect. As per Section 36D of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, a Community Reserve management committee is formed by the State Government, and this committee, not the Chief Wildlife Warden, is responsible for managing the Community Reserve.
    2. Statement 2: “Hunting is not allowed in such area.”
      • This is correct. As per Section 36C(2) of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2002, the restrictions applicable to wildlife sanctuaries, including the ban on hunting, apply to Community Reserves as well.
    3. Statement 3: “People of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce.”
      • This is correct. The local communities are generally allowed to collect non-timber forest produce in Community Reserves, as they are designed to integrate conservation with sustainable use by the local people.
    4. Statement 4: “People of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices.”
      • This is correct. Traditional agricultural practices are permitted in Community Reserves as long as they do not harm wildlife conservation efforts.

    Conclusion:

    • Statements 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
    • Statement 1 is incorrect.

    Thus, the correct answer is Only three.

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Urmila
  • 4
Poll
UrmilaExplorer
Asked: 3 months agoIn: ,
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With reference to Finance Bill and Money Bill in the Indian Parliament, consider the following statements:                                                  ...Read more

With reference to Finance Bill and Money Bill in the Indian Parliament, consider the following statements:                                                                                                                                        [2023]
1.  When the Lok Sabha transmits Finance Bill to the Rajya Sabha, it can amend or reject the Bill.
2.  When the Lok Sabha transmits Money Bill to the Rajya Sabha, it cannot amend or reject the Bill, it can only make recommendations.
3. In the case of disagreement between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, there is no joint sitting for Money Bill, but a joint sitting becomes necessary for Finance Bill.

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finance bilmoney billpolitypollquestionupsc pre 2023
  1. Urmila
    Urmila Explorer

    Here is the analysis of the three statements: Statement 1: "When the Lok Sabha transmits Finance Bill to the Rajya Sabha, it can amend or reject the Bill." This statement is incorrect because, as per the text, a Finance Bill is a Money Bill, and the Rajya Sabha cannot amend or reject it. The Rajya SRead more

    Here is the analysis of the three statements:

    1. Statement 1: “When the Lok Sabha transmits Finance Bill to the Rajya Sabha, it can amend or reject the Bill.”
      • This statement is incorrect because, as per the text, a Finance Bill is a Money Bill, and the Rajya Sabha cannot amend or reject it. The Rajya Sabha can only recommend changes, which the Lok Sabha may accept or reject.
    2. Statement 2: “When the Lok Sabha transmits Money Bill to the Rajya Sabha, it cannot amend or reject the Bill, it can only make recommendations.”
      • This statement is correct as per the explanation provided. The Rajya Sabha has limited powers over a Money Bill and can only make recommendations.
    3. Statement 3: “In the case of disagreement between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, there is no joint sitting for Money Bill, but a joint sitting becomes necessary for Finance Bill.”
      • This statement is incorrect because a Finance Bill is a Money Bill, and there is no provision for a joint sitting for a Money Bill.

    Conclusion:

    • Statement 2 is correct.
    • Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect.

    Thus, the correct answer is Only one.

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